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Antonio de Marchena was considered by Christopher Columbus to be his only loyal supporter in the royal court of Ferdinand and Isabella - "Your majesties know that I spent seven years in the court pestering you for this; never in the whole time was there found a pilot, nor a sailor, nor a mariner, nor a philosopher, nor an expert in any other science who did not state that my enterprise was false, so I never found support from anyone, save father Friar Antonio de Marchena, beyond that of eternal God." The Worlds of Christopher Columbus
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Portrait of Pierre Mechain was a major contributor to the study of deep sky objects.
b. 8-16-1744; France
d. 9-20-1804
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Charles-Joseph Messier catalogued astronomical objects and numbered them M-1 through M-120.
b. 6-26-1730; France
d. 4-12-1817
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August Ferdinand Mobius,
b. 10-24-1790; Germany
d. 9-26-1868
Mobius, a professor of astronomy, is best known for his discovery of the Möbius strip, "a non-orientable two-dimensional surface with only one side when embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space."
• The Mobius Strip: Dr. August Mobius's Marvelous Band in Mathematics, Games, Literature, Art, Technology, and Cosmology
• M. C. Escher "Ants" on a Mobius Strip poster
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Sir Isaac Newton, 1710
b. 12-25-1642; England
d. 3-20-1727; London
• more Isaac Newton posters
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Claudius Ptolemy (fl. 90-168 AD) was a Greek or Hellenized Egyptian mathematician, geographer, astronomer, and astrologer in Alexandria, Roman Egypt.
Claudius Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos (Greek tetra=four + biblos=books) was the most popular astrological work of antiquity. |
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Carl Sagan
b. 11-9-1934; Brooklyn, NY
d. 12-20-1996
Carl Sagan popularized astronomy with his PBS program Cosmos, and his novel "Contact" was the basis of a movie by the same name.
• Carl Sagan's Cosmic Calendar
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Johann Adam Schall von Bell was a Jesuit missionary to China where the emperor appointed him to a post in the Chinese observatory in connection to mathematics and predicting celestial events.
b. 1591; Germany
d. 8-15-1666; China
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Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli was the first to show that the Perseid and Leonid meteor showers were associated with comets. He also observed Mars and believed he saw "seas" and "continents"; he named the long straight formations canali in Italian. Years later the "canals" were shown to be an optical illusion.
b. 3-14-1835; Italy
d. 7-4-1910
• more Isaac Newton posters
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Maarten Schmidt measured the distances of quasars (QUASi-stellAR radio source), extremely bright and distant active galactic nucleus.
b. 12-28-1929; The Netherlands
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Harlow Shapley was one of the first astronomers to realize the Milky Way Galaxy was larger than previously thought and the Earth's Sun was in a "nondescript" area of the galaxy. He was one of the participants in the "Great Debate" of 1920 on the nature of nebulas.
Shapley had dropped out of school with a 5th grade education, but studied at home and went back to high school to become the class valedictorian. He then went to the University of Missouri, ending up with an astronomy degree. Eventually he became head of Harvard University Observatory and was also a victim of McCarthyism.
b. 11-2-1885; Nashville, MO
d. 10-20-1972
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Taqi al-Din (Takiyuddin) and other astronomers at the Galata observatory founded in 1557 by Sultan Suleyman, Giclee Print
(c.1526 - 1585)
• Middle East posters
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Urbain le Verrier whose mathematical work in celestial mechanics, is best known for his participation in the discovery of Neptune and as head of the Paris Observatory. Celestial mechanics deals with the motion and gravitational effects of celestial objects.
b. 3-11-1811; France
d. 9-23-1877
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