Philosophers Educational Posters & Prints, pg 2/4

Chrysippus Giclee Print

Chrysippus
b. 280 BC, Greece
d. 207 BC

Chrysippus was a Greek philosopher.

Cicero Giclee Print

Cicero
b. 1-3-106 BC; Aprium
d. 12-7-43 BC; Formia

Auguste Comte Giclee Print

Portrait of Auguste Comte
b. 1-15-1798; France
d. 9-5-1857

French philosopher

Confucius, Giclee Print

Confusius
b. 9-28-551 BC; China
d. 479 BCE

Confusius is a much celebrated Chinese philosopher and teacher. Perhaps his greatest teaching is "never impose on others what you would not choose for yourself". Jesuit missionary to China, Matteo Ricci, and Chinese scholar Xu Guangqi, were the first to translate Confucianism test into a western language.

Democritus 1692, Giclee Print Antoine Coypel

Democritus
b. c. 460 BC; Greece
d. c. 370 BC

Rene Descartes c. 1649, Giclee Print Frans Halls

Rene Descartes
b. 3-31-1596; France
d. 2-11-1650

• mathematician posters

Diogenes by Parmigianino Giclee Print

Diogenes
b. c. 460 BC; Greece

Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam, 1526, Albrecht Dürer Giclee Print

Desiderius Erasmus
b. 10-27-1466; Rotterdam
d. 7-12-1536; Basel

Desiderius Erasmus was a humanist - a teacher of grammar, rhetoric, moral philosophy, poetry and history as studied via classical authors, and a theologian.

• The Erasmus Reader
• Hans Holbein portrait of Erasmus
• Albrecht Dürer posters

Euclid
ca. 325 BC–265 BC, Alexandria

Euclid of Alexandia, "The Father of Geometry", was a Greek mathematician who, in his Elements, set forth his principles of geometry proving mathematical theorems from a small set of axioms or accepted principles.

The Alchemist Geber Illustration from 'Science and Literature in the Middle Ages, Giclee Print

Geber
b. c. 721, d. c. 815

Geber was the Latinized name of Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan, an Islamic alchemist, philosopher and astronomer.

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Portrait, Giclee Print

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
b. 8-27-1770; Germany
d. 11-14-1831

Johann Gottfried Herder, Giclee Print

Johann Gottfried Herder
b. 8-25-1744; East Prussia
d. 12-18-1803

• Selected Writings on Aesthetics, Johann Gottfried Herder

Thomas Hobbes, Giclee Print

Thomas Hobbes
b. 4-5-1588; England
d. 12-4-1679

David Hume, Scottish Philosopher & Historian, Giclee Print

David Hume
b. 4-26-1711; Scotland
d. 8-25-1776

David Hume, Scottish philosopher, economist, and historian, is considered one of the most important figures in the history of Western philosophy.

• motivational poster with Hume quote - “The greater the obstacle, the more glory in overcoming it.”
• book - An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (The Clarendon Edition of the Works of David Hume)

Immanuel Kant Giclee Print

Immanuel Kant
b. 4-22-1724; East Prussia
d. 2-12-1804

Kant, one of the most influential thinkers of the late Age of Enlightment where Reason was considered the primary basis and source of authority, wrote Critique of Pure Reason, a critical investigation of reason itself, Critique of Practical Reason, which concentrates on ethics, and the Critique of Judgement, which investigates aesthetics and teleology.

Kant referred to his non-empiricist critique of rationalist philosophy as his "Copernican revolution", maintaining that understanding the external world is based both experience and a priori concepts, or ideas independent of experience. Carl Jung saw the archetypes as a priori patterns of the psyche.

Immanuel Kant Quotes:
• “The active faculty of the human mind...the capacity of a being to act in conformity with his own representations is what constitutes the life of such a being.”
• “All our knowledge begins with the senses, proceeds then to the understanding, and ends with reason. There is nothing higher than reason.”
• “But although all our knowledge begins with experience, it does not follow that it arises from experience.”
• “He who is cruel to animals becomes hard also in his dealings with men. We can judge the heart of a man by his treatment of animals.”
• “In law a man is guilty when he violates the rights of others. In ethics he is guilty if he only thinks of doing so.”
• “May you live your life as if the maxim of your actions were to become universal law.”
• “Immaturity is the incapacity to use one's intelligence without the guidance of another.”

The a priori is the unseen basis of the unity of the diverse aspects of our ordinary experience.

• Metaphysics of Morals

Soren Aabye Kierkegaard, Danish Philosopher, Giclee Print

Søren Kierkegaard
b. 5-5-1813; Denmark
d. 11-1-1855; Copenhagen

Søren Kierkegaard, philosopher and theologian, is noted for his search for meaning expressd in his ideas of "subjectivity" and "leap of faith". Kierkegaard, who suffered from melancholia, said, "I saved my life by telling stories." In his life time Kierkegaard was rideculed for his attacks on the political and materialism of the State Christian Church of Denmark.

• book - Soren Kierkegaard: A Biography

John Locke Giclee Print

John Locke
b. 8-29-1632; England
d. 10-28-1704

John Locke defined a person as "a thinking intelligent Being, that has reason and reflection, and can consider it self as it self, the same thinking thing in different times and places; which it does only by that consciousness, which is inseparable from thinking, and as it seems to me essential to it"... (Essay on Human Understanding, Book 2, Chapter 27, Section 9).

Martin Luther Giclee Print Lucas Cranach

Martin Luther
b. 11-11-1483; Germany
d. 2-18-1546

Martin Luther was a monk and theologian whose invitation "Out of love and zeal for truth and the desire to bring it to light" to publically discuss Ninety-Five Theses of reforming the Catholic Church, changed the course of Western civilization.