Philosophers Educational Posters & Prints, pg 1/4
individuals who made contributions to the study of knowledge itself.

Abelard and His Pupil Heloise, 1882 Giclee Print

Abelard and His Pupil Heloise
b. 1069; France
d. 4-21-1142

Abelard quote:
• "We call the intention good which is right in itself, but the action is good, not because it contains within it some good, but because it issues from a good intention. The same act may be done by the same man at different times. According to the diversity of his intention, however, this act may be at one time good, at another bad."
Heloise (1098-1164) quote:
"Riches and power are but gifts of blind fate, whereas goodness is the result of one's own merits." Letters

• more Middle Ages posters
• notable teachers

Albertus Magnus, German Scholar Bishop of Ratisbon Giclee Print

Albertus Magnus
b. c. 1193; Germany
d. 11-15-1280

Albertus Magnus is considered the greatest philosopher and theologian of the Middle Ages. He achieved fame for his comprehensive knowledge of and advocacy for the peaceful coexistence of science and religion.

Anaxagorus (500-428 BC)
and Epictetus (1st century)

Anaxagorus quote:
• "Everything has a natural explanation. The moon is not a god but a great rock and the sun a hot rock."
Epictetus quote:
• “All religions must be tolerated... for every man must get to heaven in his own way.”
• “Be careful to leave your sons well instructed rather than rich, for the hopes of the instructed are better than the wealth of the ignorant. ”

Saint Anselm Scholastic Philosopher, Archbishop of Canterbury, Giclee Print

Saint Anselm
b. c. 1033, Italy
d. 4-21-1109; Canterbury, England

Saint Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, was a scholastic philosopher and medieval theologian famous as seeking to understand Christianity through reason and the "ontological argument" for the existence of God, “that than which nothing greater can be conceived”. He also openly opposed the Crusades.

Scholasticism a tool and method for learning which puts emphasis on dialectical reasoning.

• Anselm of Canterbury: The Major Works
• Middle Ages literature

Antisthenes
b. c. 444 BC; Greece
d. c. 365 BC

Anisthenes quote:
• "There are only two people who can tell you the truth about yourself - an enemy who has lost his temper and a friend who loves you dearly."
• “The investigation of the meaning of words is the beginning of education.”

Archimedes - Mathematician, Physicist, Engineer, Astronomer, Philosopher
b. 287 BC, Syracuse, Sicily
d. 212 BC, Syracuse, Sicily

Poster Text: “Give me a place to stand and I will move the earth.” -Archimedes, commenting on the lever.

ARCHIMEDES is considered the greatest mathematician and inventor of ancient times. He made important discoveries in geometry, hydrostatics, and mechanics. Much of his work and results were not surpassed for over 1,500 years. Also an outstanding engineer, he formulate Archimedes’ principle of buoyancy and the principle of the lever.

• more Heroes of Science & Technology posters
• math posters
• astronomers posters
• The Archimedes Codex: How a Medieval Prayer Book Is Revealing the True Genius of Antiquity's Greatest Scientist

Saint Francis of Assisi with Scenes from His Life, Giclee Print

Saint Francis of Assisi
b. 9-26-1181; Assisi
d. 10-3-1226; Assisi

Saint Francis of Assisi was Roman Catholic friar and the founder of the Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans).

As a young man Francis had a carefree life as the son of a wealthy family which lead to a disillusionment toward the complications of the world. Francis of Assisi, noted for his aestic lifestyle, is the patron saint of animals, birds, and the environment. He believed commoners should be able to pray to God in their own languageand is considered the first Italian poet by literary critics.

• Saint Francis of Assisi: A Life of Joy by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.
• Francis and Clare: The Complete Works (Classics of Western Spirituality

The Triumph of Catholic Doctrine, Personified in St. Thomas Aquinas Giclee Print

Thomas Aquinas
b. c. 1225; Naples
d. 3-7-1274; France

Thomas Aquinas was a Dominican priest, philosopher, and the foremost classical proponent of natural theology in the scholastic tradition.

Known as Doctor Angelicus, Doctor Universalis and Doctor Communis, he was the father of the Thomistic school of philosophy and theology which integrated Christian doctrine with elements taken from the philosophy of Aristotle. Aquina's Summa Theologica is considered second to the Bible in importance to the Catholic Church.

Thomas Aquinas quotes:
• “A man has free choice to the extent that he is rational.”
• "Clearly the person who accepts the Church as an infallible guide will believe whatever the Church teaches."

Averroes (1126-98) in Conversation with Porphyry (c.232-c.305) Giclee Print

Averroes
b. 1126; Cordoba, Spain
d. 12-10-1198; Marrakesh, Morocco

Averroes, known as Ibn Rushd, was an Andalusian-Arab polymath and master of philosophy, theology, Maliki law and jurispudence, astronomy, geography, mathematics, medicine, physics, psychology and science.

His school of philosophy is known as Averroism and he is considered the founding father of secular thought in Western Europe.

• Islam posters

Page from the 'Canon of Medicine' by Avicenna (Ibn Sina) (980-1037), Giclee Print

Avicenna (Ibn Sina)
b. c. 980; present day Uzbekistan
d. c. 1037; Iran

Persian Ibn Sina was a the foremost physician of his time and is considered a father of early modern medicine as well as "the most famous scientist of . . . all races, places, and times."

Known as Avicenna in the West, he was a polymath - learned in astronomy, chemistry, Hafiz (completely memorized the Quran), logic, mathematics, poetry, philosophy, psychology, physics, science, theology, a Sheikh (elder), soldier, and statesman.

Avincenna quote:
• “The world is divided into men who have wit and no religion and men who have religion and no wit.”

• Islam posters

Sir Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Viscount of St. Albans, Giclee Print

Sir Francis Bacon
b. 1-22-1561, England
d. 4-9-1626

Sir Francis Bacon is best known as a philosophical advocate and defender of the scientific revolution.

Sir Francis Bacon quotes:
• “Science is but an image of the truth.”
• "Knowledge is power." (Ipsa Scientia Potestas Est)
- Meditationes Sacræ. De Hæresibus. (1597)

• literature posters

Boethius (480-524)
Consul in 487 AD

Boethius quotes:
• “Music is part of us, and either ennobles or degrades our behavior.”
• “Nothing is miserable unless you think it is so.”
• “In other living creatures the ignorance of themselves is nature, but in men it is a vice.”

Edmund Burke
b. 1-12-1729, England
d. 7-9-1797

Edmund Burke is mainly remembered for his support of the American Colonies for independence and his criticism of the French Revolution. Burke was a member of Parliment and "The Club", a social gathering of people like Samuel Johnson, Oliver Goldsmith, Joshua Reynolds, and Hannah More.

• The Best of Burke: Selected Writings & Speeches of Edmund Burke

Edmund Burke quotes:
• "All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing."
• "No one could make a greater mistake than he who did nothing because he could do only a little."
• “Good order is the foundation of all things.”