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Middle Ages Literature Posters, Prints, & Charts Index
images for language arts, social studies and drama classrooms.
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educational posters > alphabets > literature / language arts index < writers list < social studies
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  The Middle Ages is a millenium of European history stretching from the ending times of the Roman Empire to beginning of the Renaissance, 500 AD to the late 15th century.
Also referred to as the Dark Ages and the medieval period (or mediaeval, L. medium ævum) the Middle Ages was a time of decentralization of power marked by Christianity providing a new cultural stability for people who were separated by language and customs. The Middle Ages were considered by Renaissance and Enlightenment historians as a time when nothing of consequence happened.
Due to the 1000 year time span and regional differences in European culture, the study of literature from the Middle Ages is delimited by religious and secular, language, and genre disciplines.
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The Middle Ages-
Literature, Arts & Architecture Wall Poster
available at-
Art.com
AllPosters.com
• Middle Ages poster series
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LANGUAGE ARTS & LITERATURE BOOKS
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Beowulf is an Old English heroic epic poem set in the 5th century and based on oral traditions. The author is unknown and the only survivng manuscript (Nowell Codex) dates c. 1010.
Beowulf, a hero of the Geats (Geatland = modern southern Sweden), has three enemies: Grendel, who is attacking the Danish mead hall (Heorot) and its inhabitants; Grendel's mother; and an unnamed dragon. Beowulf is mortally wounded in the final battle.
• Beowulf: A Dual-Language Edition
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Saint Hildegard von Bingen
b. 1098; Germany
d. 9-17-1179
"I wrote them down because a heavenly voice kept saying to me, 'See and speak! Hear and write!" Hildegard von Bingen
Saint Hildegard von Bingen should be considered a "polymath" (a person with varied knowledge and learning). She was an "abbess, artist, author, counselor, linguist, naturalist, teacher, scientist, philosopher, physician, herbalist, poet, activist, visionary, and composer". Hildegard was also the founder of monasteries at Rupertsberg and Eibingen, communicated with popes, and traveled through Europe.
• Hildegard of Bingen: Scivias
• more women posters
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Geoffrey Chaucer
b. c.1343; London
d. 10-25-1400
Geoffrey was a Medieval author, poet, philosopher, bureaucrat, courtier and diplomat best remembered for his unfinished narrative The Canterbury Tales.
Chaucer is sometimes called the father of English literature as the first author to use the vernacular English for an artistic work. Chaucer is also the first to associate the day commemorating two early martyrs of the Christian faith - Valentine - with courtly, romantic love.
• Geoffrey Chaucer in Great British Authors series
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Christine de Pizan,
b. c.1362; Venice, Italy
d. c.1431
Christine de Pizan was a feminist philosopher and first professional women writer in the medieval era. Her first works as a writer was to provide for her family after the death of her husband. She then evolved into a social critic of Romance of the Rose, an popular poem that less than esteemed women.
The illustration for the presentation frontispiece of Christine de Pizan presenting her Collected Works to Queen Isabeau of France, sometime between 1410 and 1415, consists solely of females. It is possible the entire Collected Works was produced by women in the spirit of patronage of women's intelligence and talent.
• The Allegory of Female Authority: Christine de Pizan's Cite Des Dames
• more book cover posters
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'Romance of the Rose' is a late medieval French poem written in two stages, by two authors, in the style of an allegorical dream vision.
The 13th century poem was very influential - Geoffery Chaucer read it and his Wife of Bath resembles the poem's Old Woman; very popular - it survives in hundreds of illuminated manuscripts (the printing press wasn't invented until the mid 1400s); and very controversial - the first professional woman writer, Christine di Pizan, critized her contemporary, the second author Jean de Meun, for slandering women.
• The Romance of the Rose by Guillaume de Lorris & Jean de Meun
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Everyman out of His Humour, Frontispiece of 1600 Edition, Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
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| 'Everyman', a English morality play based on an earlier Flemish morality play, is an allegory of every man, summoned by death to journey to God and account for the earthly life he has 'borrowed' from God. Everyman discovers that his companions Fellowship, Kindred, Cousin, Goods, and Knowledge cannot go with him. Good Deeds (or Virtue), whom he neglected in his busy life, offers to justify him before the throne of God. |
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The Achieving of the Sangreal (Holy Grail), from "Le Morte D'Arthur" by Sir Thomas Malory, illustration Aubrey Beardsley, published 1893-94, Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
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| "Le Morte D'Arthur" or "death of Arthur" is the compilation of Arthurian romances from French and English sources c 1485. The quest for the Holy Grail, the dish or cup used by Jesus at the Last Supper, is a central theme of the Arthurian legend. |
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The Author Offering His Book to Anne of Brittany (1477-1514) circa 1505, Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
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Gottfried von Strassburg (Godfrey of Strasbourg) German Poet Author of Tristan, Giclee Print
d. c 1210
available at-
AllPosters.com
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Fragment of a Poem by Wolfram of Eschenbach, Published by Fetis, Giclee Print
b. c 1170; Germany
d. c 1220
available at-
AllPosters.com
Art.com
• Parzival: With Titurel and the Love Lyrics, Wolfram von Eschenbach
• Richard Wagner Operas
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Saint Bede the Venerable
b. ca. 672 or 673; England
d. 5-27-735
Bede, a Benedictine monk at a Northumbrian monastery, is best known as an author and scholar. His most famous work, Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (Ecclesiastical History of the English People) gained him the title "The father of English history".
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Battle Between Martin Gomez and El Cid from "Chronicles of Spain", 1344, Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
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| Based on a true story El Cantar del Mio Cid is the oldest preserved Spanish literature was first written down in 1142 in medieval Spanish. |
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Piers Plowman, a Middle English allegorical narrative, was probably written c. 1380 by William Langland, a contemporary of Chaucer. Also known as William's Vision of Piers Plowman, it is a theological allegory and social satire told from the point of view of a medieval Catholic striving for a true Christian life through the vision of a "plowman" who falls asleep and dreams of a "field of folk" between two symbols of heaven and hell.
Piers Plowman is also the first literary mention of Robin Hood and his merry men in Sherwood Forest. It is interesting to note that the 1381 English Peasant Revolt was contemporanious to the appearance of an archetypal hero figure who sympathized with the plight of the poor.
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The Song of Roland, Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
Art.com
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| The Song of Roland is the oldest major work of French literature. The setting is the historic 733 AD attack on the rearguard of Charlemagne's retreating army, by the Basques in the Pyrenees Mountains. |
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Inferno, Purgatory and Paradise, Illustration from Dante's Divine Comedy, 14th Century (Manuscript), Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
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Abelard and His Pupil Heloise,
1882 ,Giclee Print
b. 1069; France
d. 4-21-1142
available at-
AllPosters.com
Art.com
• notable teachers
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Scribe Writing out the Gospel; Page of Text Decorated with an Illumination, Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
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Printing Press - Inventions that Changed the World Wall Poster
Johann Gutenberg is generally credited by scholars as inventing the technology of the printing press with movable types c. 1450.
• Inventions that Changed the World poster series.
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